India’s LNG Imports

India’s LNG Imports
  • Context:

  • Geopolitical tensions and disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz have significantly affected India’s Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) imports from major Gulf suppliers such as Qatar and the United Arab Emirates.

  • Due to supply disruptions and rising energy insecurity, India has increasingly diversified its LNG imports by sourcing gas from countries such as the United States, Oman, Nigeria, Australia, and Russia.

  • The developments highlight India’s growing focus on energy security and diversification of energy supplies amid geopolitical instability.

  • About LNG

  • Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to around minus 162°C to convert it into liquid form for easier storage and transportation.

  • LNG occupies much less volume than natural gas in gaseous form, making long-distance transportation through ships economically viable.

  • India depends on LNG imports to meet nearly half of its natural gas requirements, and around 60% of these imports traditionally passed through the Strait of Hormuz.

  • India imports LNG to meet rising domestic demand for power generation, fertiliser production, industrial use, and city gas distribution.

  • Qatar has traditionally been India’s largest supplier of LNG.

  • Strait of Hormuz and India’s Energy Security

  • The Strait of Hormuz is a strategically important maritime chokepoint connecting the Persian Gulf with the Arabian Sea.

  • Around one-fifth of global LNG trade and a significant share of global oil exports pass through this route.

  • Nearly 93% of Qatar’s LNG exports and 96% of UAE LNG exports transit through the Strait of Hormuz.

  • India’s heavy dependence on energy imports passing through this chokepoint makes it vulnerable to geopolitical tensions and supply disruptions in West Asia.

  • Significance

  • The disruptions have highlighted the importance of:

  • Energy diversification,

  • Strategic energy reserves,

  • LNG storage expansion,

  • And reducing dependence on a single region for energy supplies.

  • India is also considering expanding LNG storage infrastructure and exploring alternative energy supply routes, including a subsea gas pipeline project from Oman.

  • Diversification of LNG imports strengthens India’s energy security and reduces vulnerability to geopolitical shocks and supply disruptions.

  • Data for reference:

  • In 2025, India’s average monthly LNG imports from Qatar stood at 0.95 million tonnes, while imports from the United Arab Emirates averaged 0.27 million tonnes.

  • However, during March–April 2026, imports sharply declined to 0.06 million tonnes from Qatar and 0.13 million tonnes from the UAE due to disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz.

  • During the same period, imports from Oman increased significantly to 1.2 million tonnes, averaging 0.6 million tonnes per month.

  • India’s average monthly LNG imports from the United States increased from 0.24 million tonnes in 2025 to 0.31 million tonnes during March–April 2026.

  • Imports from Nigeria and Angola also rose sharply to 0.41 million tonnes and 0.24 million tonnes per month respectively.