Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Report
Context:
The latest Global Burden of Disease (GBD) report was recently launched at the World Health Summit in Berlin and published in The Lancet journal.
The report, produced through rigorous scientific methods involving over 16,500 collaborators globally, provides insights into mortality and morbidity trends
Key Highlights
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) now account for nearly two-thirds of the world's total mortality and morbidity.
The leading NCDs globally are ischaemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.
India's Epidemiological Transition: India is experiencing a significant shift in the leading causes of death, moving from infectious diseases to NCDs.
In 1990: The leading cause of death was diarrhoeal diseases.
In 2023: The leading cause of death is ischaemic heart disease.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD) is second
Stroke is third.
Mortality Rate Trend (India): Despite the rise of NCDs, India's overall Age-Standardized Mortality Rate (ASMR) has decreased significantly (from 1,513.05 per lakh in 1990 to 871.09 per lakh in 2023.)
Increased Life Expectancy: Overall, it increased by 13 years (from 58.46 years in 1990 to 71.56 years in 2023)
For Men: From 58.12 years (1990) to 70.24 years (2023)
For Women: From 58.91 years (1990) to 72.96 years (2023).
Global Mental Health Rise:
Mental health disorders have increased steeply worldwide, with anxiety disorders up by 63% and depressive disorders up by 26%.
Sexual abuse and partner violence are highlighted as preventable contributors.