Circular Economy in Agriculture
Context:
The Ministry of Agriculture has highlighted the "Waste to Wealth" potential of the agricultural sector, emphasizing the transition from a linear "take-make-dispose" model to a circular economy.
This approach addresses the dual challenge of environmental contamination from agricultural waste and the need for renewable energy sources
Key Data & Potential:
India's agricultural residues have the estimated potential to generate over 18,000 MW of power annually, turning a pollution source (stubble burning) into an energy asset.
The initiative aligns with global sustainability goals, addressing the issue where 1.05 billion tonnes of food waste was generated globally in 2022 (with 60% originating from households).
Key Government Initiatives:
Crop Residue Management (CRM):
To combat stubble burning, the government provided ₹3,926 crore in financial support between 2018-19 and 2025-26.
Mechanization:
Over 42,000 Custom Hiring Centres (CHCs) have been established, and 3.24 lakh machines have been deployed to facilitate the in-situ management of crop residue.
GOBARdhan Scheme:
As of January 14, 2026, 979 biogas plants are operational across 51.4% of districts.
These plants convert cattle dung, crop residues, and food waste into clean energy (biogas) and organic manure, closing the nutrient cycle.
Significance:
Input Recovery:
The circular model ensures that waste is recovered and reintroduced as inputs (fertilizer/energy), reducing dependency on external resources.
Sustainable Development:
It directly supports the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by promoting responsible consumption and climate action.