Bonn Climate Conference (Ecology, Environment and Climate Change)
Bonn Climate Conference (Ecology, Environment and Climate Change)
Why In News:
India called for substantive dialogue on climate finance and adaptation at the Bonn Climate Change Conference 2026.
What is the Bonn Climate Conference?
Bonn, Germany hosts the UNFCCC Secretariat and is the venue for annual mid-year climate negotiations.
Key agenda at Bonn 2026: Climate finance commitments beyond 2025 , adaptation progress under the Global Goal on Adaptation (GGA), and loss and damage fund.
India's Position on Climate Finance
India has consistently argued that developed nations must honour their climate finance commitments- the USD 100 billion per year pledge made in Copenhagen (2009) was fulfilled only in 2022, years behind schedule.
India's NDC (Nationally Determined Contribution): India committed to achieving 500 GW of non-fossil energy capacity by 2030 and reducing the emissions intensity of GDP by 45% from 2005 levels.
Key Terms for Prelims
UNFCCC: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (1992)- the parent treaty under which all climate agreements (Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement) are made.
Paris Agreement (2015): Limits global warming to well below 2 degrees C, preferably 1.5 degrees C above pre-industrial levels. Each country submits NDCs (Nationally Determined Contributions).
Loss and Damage Fund: Established at COP27 (Sharm el-Sheikh, 2022) to compensate vulnerable nations for climate-related losses that cannot be adapted to.
NAPCC (National Action Plan on Climate Change): India's overarching climate policy with 8 National Missions including Solar Mission (JNNSM), Green India Mission, Water Mission, and Sustainable Habitat Mission.
PANCHAMRIT: India's five climate targets announced at COP26 (Glasgow, 2021) by PM Modi- 500 GW non-fossil electricity, 50% energy from renewables, 1 billion tonnes CO2 reduction, 45% emissions intensity reduction, and net-zero by 2070.